🔓 First Amendment — Speech, Religion, Press, Assembly
You can speak, publish, assemble, and worship within reasonable time, place, and manner limits.
- “Officer, I’m recording from a lawful distance.”
- “Is there a specific law I’m violating?”
🛑 Fourth Amendment — Search & Seizure
Protects against unreasonable searches. Warrants generally need probable cause and particularity. Some exceptions exist (consent, exigency, etc.).
- “Do you have a warrant? May I see it?”
- “I do not consent to any searches.”
- “Am I free to leave?”
🤐 Fifth Amendment — Silence & Due Process
You can refuse to answer questions that may incriminate you. Use it respectfully and clearly.
- “I choose to remain silent.”
- “I want to speak to an attorney.”
⚖️ Sixth Amendment — Criminal Procedure
Speedy/public trial, impartial jury, counsel, confrontation, and compulsory process. If you’re charged, ask about counsel availability immediately.
- “I’d like counsel appointed if I qualify.”
🚫 Eighth Amendment — Excessive Bail & Punishment
Forbids excessive bail/fines and cruel & unusual punishment. Bail must be reasonable relative to risk and the offense.
⚖️ Fourteenth Amendment — Due Process & Equal Protection
Applies many rights against states; guarantees fair process and equal protection under the laws.
🧭 Quick Phrases (calm & respectful)
- “I don’t consent to searches.”
- “Am I being detained, or am I free to go?”
- “I’m invoking my right to remain silent.”
- “I’d like to speak to an attorney.”
Note: State laws vary (e.g., stop-and-identify, recording rules). This page is educational, not legal advice.